| THEORY & FORMULAE |
Consider a wheel rolling clockwise on a flat surface without skidding at a known linear velocity. The instantaneous velocity and acceleration vectors (magnitude and direction) are given by the following equations:
    
where
     x,y = coordinates of point P on the rim of the wheel
     θ = angular position of P, +ve clockwise with respect to the vertical
     R = radius of wheel
     V = constant linear velocity of wheel
     ω = constant angular velocity of wheel
     Vp = magnitude of resultant velocity vector at P
     φp = direction of resultant velocity at P
     Ap = magnitude of resultant acceleration vector at P
     t = time
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